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Learning // AP Psychology

Correctly answer 80% ( 28 of 35 questions)

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  1. Shaping is
  2. John loves to fish. He puts his line in the water and leaves it there until he feels a tug at unpredictable times. On what reinforcement schedule is he rewarded?
  3. An individual's fear of dogs that is lost as the individual is exposed to dogs in nonthreatening situations is referred to by behaviorists as
  4. The technique of strengthening behavior by reinforcing successive approximations is called
  5. In classical conditioning, learning is evident when a
  6. If you have a snake phobia because you once heard a loud noise while looking at a snake, for you a snake is a(n)
  7. If a conditioned behavior is completed many times without reinforcement, we can expect
  8. Negative reinforcement __________ behavior; punishment __________ behavior.
  9. A puppy has begun to cry and bark in order to be let into the house. To extinguish this response, you would
  10. Burt had never been afraid of spiders, but at camp last summer he woke up and there was a spider on his face. Since this event, he cries in fear every time that he sees multilegged creatures. For Burt, before the incident spiders had been a _________, after the incident, spiders are a _________
  11. For Pavlov, a tone is to food as __________ is to _________________
  12. In Bandura's classic Bobo doll experiment, those children that saw aggressive models
  13. Negative reinforcement involves
  14. Suppose that you taught your dog to roll over for the reward of a dog biscuit. Then, one day you run out of dog biscuits. Which schedule of reinforcement would keep your dog responding longer without a biscuit?
  15. Studies of observational learning demonstrate that
  16. Which of the following is NOT an example of an operant behavior?
  17. A Positive reinforcer seeks to _________ desired behavior. A negative reinforcer seeks to ________desired behavior.
  18. The operant chamber which has come to be known as a Skinner box was designed so that
  19. As a marine biologist, you are trying to teach a dolphin to jump over a bar. At first, you reward the dolphin every time it swims near the bar. Then, you only reward her when she emerges from the water near the bar. Eventually, you reward the dolphin each time she jumps out of the water. Then, you only reward the dolphin when she jumps over the bar. This technique is an example of
  20. Punishment must be administered ________ in order to be effective.
  21. In John Garcia's study on taste aversion towards coyotes, the goal was to create a situation in which sheep became the _________ so that coyotes would not attack them.
  22. A(n) ________ refers to the behavior elicited by the unconditioned stimulus.
  23. In operant conditioning, extinction occurs by:
  24. During summer camp, campers get a sticker each time they demonstrate good sportsmanship. When they have earned 10 stickers, they may select a candy bar. This represents an example
  25. For Little Albert, his fear of _________ was interpreted as an instance of _________.
  26. In operant conditioning, behavioral change is brought about by the manipulation of
  27. The key difference between a ratio and a interval schedule of reinforcement is whether
  28. The similarity of positive reinforcement and positive punishment is that each involves
  29. Which of the following statements best describes the role of biological processes in classical conditioning?
  30. In a classic study, a group of rats learned to go through a maze to obtain food, and another group of rats explored the maze without receiving food. Some time later, the researcher compared the two groups of rats to determine if both groups would find the food at the end of the maze. According to the researcher, the untrained rats found the food at the end of the maze as quickly as the trained rats as a result of
  31. A person eats a hamburger at a restaurant and develops a very bad stomachache after finishing eating. As a result of the sudden illness, the person cannot eat hamburgers anymore. Just thinking about them makes the person feel sick to the stomach. In this scenario, the thought of. a hamburger is
  32. After seeing her parents give her brother a dollar for cleaning his room, Sarah begins cleaning her own room. According to social-learning theorists, Sarah’s behavior is an example of which of the following?
  33. Social Learning Theory is the same as:
  34. Sometimes the most effective way to stop another person from repeating an annoying behavior is to ignore them and not give them any attention or reinforcement. This technique takes advantage of what operant principle?
  35. Correlational research on the major consequences of frequently watching violence on television states: